I roto i te ao tino matatau o te hangarau tika, i te wā e inehia ana ngā taunga ki roto i ngā maikorona, ā, kāore e taea te whiriwhiri i te kaha ki te whakahoki anō, he maha ngā wā ka ngaro tetahi huānga taketake - kia kore ra ano e kitea. Ko taua huānga te mata tohutoro e tīmata ai ngā inenga katoa. Ahakoa ka kiia e koe he pereti miihini, he mata rangatira karāhe, he tohu matua rānei o tō toa, kāore e taea te whakakapi i tōna tūranga. Heoi, he maha rawa ngā whare e whakaaro ana ka noho pono tonu tēnei mata ina tāutahia. Ko te mea pono? Ki te kore he tiaki tika me te mahi auau.te whakatikatika tēpu karāhe, ka taea e te tohutoro tino kounga te pehu haere—ka whakaiti marie i ngā inenga katoa i mahia ki runga.
Ka tino hira rawa atu tēnei take ina honoa ki ngā taputapu ine miihini matatau o ēnei rā—ngā ine teitei, ngā tohu mata, ngā whakataurite whatu, me ngā mīhini ine taunga (CMM). Ko te tika o ēnei taputapu he rite ki te mata e tohuhia ana e rātou. Ka taea e te piko taumata-micron i roto i te pereti miihini kāore i whakatikatikaina te rere ki roto i ngā putanga teka, ngā para ohorere, te kino atu rānei—ngā rahunga mara i roto i ngā wāhanga tino nui. Nō reira, me pēhea e whakarite ai ngā kaihanga matua kia mau tonu te turanga ine? Ā, he aha ngā mea me mōhio koe i mua i te whiriwhiri, i te pupuri rānei i tō ake paerewa tohutoro?
Me tīmata tātou ki ngā kupu. I Amerika Te Raki, ko te kupu pereti miihini e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei whakaahua i tētahi pereti mata i hurihia kia tika te āhua—i hangaia i mua ki te rino maka, engari mō te neke atu i te haurua rautau, he mea hanga nui mai i te karāhe pango i roto i ngā horopaki ngaio. I Ūropi me ngā mākete e hangai ana ki te ISO, he maha ake te karangatanga he "pereti mata" he "pereti tohutoro" rānei, engari he rite tonu te mahi: ki te whakarato i tētahi papa papatahi, pumau te āhuahanga e manatokohia ai ngā inenga raina me te koki katoa. Ahakoa kei te noho tonu ngā pereti rino maka i roto i ngā whakatakotoranga tawhito, kua neke te nuinga o ngā taiao tino tika o ēnei rā ki te karāhe nā tōna pumau wera pai rawa atu, tōna ātete ki te waikura, me tōna āhua roa.
Ehara i te mea he ariā noa iho ngā painga o te karāneti. Me te tauwehenga whānui wera tata ki te hautoru o te maitai, he iti noa te hē o te pereti karāneti kounga teitei i te wā e piki haere ana te pāmahana o te awheawhe. Kāore e waikura, kāore e hiahiatia he hinu, ā, ko tōna hanganga tioata matotoru ka whakaiti i ngā wiri - he mea nui ina whakamahia he mea tairongo.ngā taputapu ine miihinipērā i ngā tohu whakamātautau mata momo-rīwhi, i ngā rangatira teitei hiko rānei. Heoi anō, he rerekē ki te rino maka, ka taea te whakawhanake i ngā ahotea ā-roto mai i te miihini, i ngā pānga rānei, he isotropic, he monolithic hoki te karāhe, arā, he ōrite te whanonga i ngā taha katoa i raro i te kawenga.
Engari koinei te raruraru: ahakoa te karāhe, kāore e ora tonu. I roto i te wā, ka taea e te whakamahinga tonu—ina koa me ngā taputapu whakapakeke, ngā poraka ine, ngā taputapu whakakoi rānei—te pakaru i ngā wāhi o te rohe. Mā ngā wāhanga taumaha e whakanohoia ana ki waho o te pokapū ka heke haere te āhua mena kāore i te arotauhia ngā pūwāhi tautoko. Ka taea e ngā poke taiao pērā i te toenga whakamatao, ngā maramara whakarewa rānei te uru ki roto i ngā pūwero moroiti, ka pā ki te papatahi. Ahakoa kāore te karāhe e "piko" pērā i te whakarewa, ka taea e ia te kohikohi i ngā rerekētanga moroiti e taka ana ki waho o tō awhi manawanui e hiahiatia ana. Koinei te wā e kore ai e whiriwhiria te whakatikatika i te tēpu karāhe, engari he mea nui.
Ehara i te mea he tiwhikete tā rapa noa iho te whakatikatika. Ko te whakatikatika tēpu karāhe tūturu he mahere pūnaha o te mata katoa mā te whakamahi i te ine whakawhiti, ngā taumata hiko, ngā tikanga whakakorikori-ā-roto rānei, me te whai i ngā paerewa pēnei i te ASME B89.3.7, ISO 8512-2 rānei. Ko te hua he mahere āhua taipitopito e whakaatu ana i te pekapeka mai i te tihi ki te awaawa puta noa i te pereti, me te tauākī tutuki ki tētahi tohu motuhake (hei tauira, Tohu 00, 0, 1 rānei). Kāore ngā taiwhanga whai mana e kī noa "he papatahi" - ka whakaatu tika i te wāhi me te nui o te pekapeka. He mea nui tēnei raraunga mō ngā ahumahi nui pēnei i te rererangi, te hanga taputapu hauora, te taputapu haurua-ira rānei, e hiahiatia ana te whai i ngā paerewa NIST, ngā paerewa ā-motu rite rānei.
I ZHHIMG, kua mahi tahi mātou me ngā kiritaki i whakaaro he "pai tonu" tā rātou pereti karāhe 10-tau te pakeke nā te mea he ma, he maeneene hoki te āhua. I muri i te koretake o ngā hononga CMM i akiakihia ai te whakatikatika katoa, ka kitea e rātou he hekenga 12-micron tata ki tētahi kokonga—he nui hei whakakore i ngā pānui ine teitei mā te 0.0005 inihi. Ehara te whakatikatika i te whakakapinga; engari he whakahou me te whakamana anō. Engari ki te kore te whakatikatika tēpu karāhe matatau, kua mau tonu taua hapa, ka pirau puku i ngā raraunga kounga.
Ka kawea tātou e tēnei ki te pūnaha rauropi whānui ongā taputapu ine miihiniKo ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā pae sine, ngā whakarara tika, ngā poraka-V, me ngā tūāpapa whakamātautau waea, e whakawhirinaki katoa ana ki te pereti a te miihini hei tohutoro kore. Mēnā ka neke taua tohutoro, ka raru te mekameka ine katoa. Whakaarohia he rite ki te hanga whare i runga i te oneone e neke ana—tērā pea he tika te āhua o ngā pakitara, engari he hapa te turanga. Koia te take e whakahau ana ngā taiwhanga whaimana ISO/IEC 17025 i ngā wā whakatikatika auau mō ngā paerewa matua katoa, tae atu ki ngā pereti mata. Ko te tikanga pai ko te whakatikatika ā-tau mō ngā pereti Tau 0 e whakamahia ana, me te whakatikatika ā-tau mō ngā taiao iti ake te uaua—engari ko tō kōtaha mōrearea me whakatau i tō kaupapa mahi.
I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi pereti miihini hou, kaua e titiro ki te utu. Manatokohia te takenga mai o te karāhe (he kikokore, he mangu, he kore e pāngia e te ahotea), whakaūhia te taumata papatahi me te tiwhikete tuturu - ehara i te kereme hokohoko - ā, kia tino whakarato te kaiwhakarato i ngā aratohu mārama mō te tautoko, te whakahaere, me te tiaki. Hei tauira, ko te pereti 48″ x 96″ me tautoko i ngā wāhi tika e toru ngā ira, maha rānei hei ārai i te piko. Mā te maka i tētahi kī ki runga, kāore pea e pakaru, engari ka taea te pakaru i te taha, te hanga rānei i tētahi wāhi teitei e pā ana ki te pēhanga poraka ine.
Kia maumahara: ehara i te mea ko te whakatikatika anake te mea e pā ana ki te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga—engari ko te whakapono. Ina pātai mai te kaitātari, "Me pēhea e taea ai e koe te whakamana kei roto i te taumata e whakaaetia ana tō mata tirotiro?" me whakauru atu ki roto i tō whakautu he pūrongo whakatikatika tēpu karāhe ka taea te whai me ngā mahere rerekētanga. Ki te kore tēnei, ka kore he punga matua mō tō pūnaha whakahaere kounga katoa.
I ZHHIMG, e whakapono ana mātou ka tīmata te tika mai i te whenua ki runga—arā, koia te take e whakamahia ana e mātou ngā awheawhe e whakakotahi ana i te mahi whakairo tuku iho me te whakamana ine ine hou. Ko ia pereti miihini e tukuna ana e mātou ka whakamanahia kia rua ngā wāhanga: tuatahi e te kaihanga mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga e tutuki ana i te ASME, kātahi e tā mātou tīma o roto i mua i te tukunga. Ka whakaratohia e mātou he tuhinga katoa, he tautoko whakatū, me te whakaritenga anō kia pai ai te whakarato a tō haumitanga i ngā ratonga pono mō ngā tau maha.
Nā te mea, i te mutunga, ehara te ine i te mea mō ngā taputapu—engari mō te pono. Ā, me whai wāhi pumau te pono hei tūnga. Ahakoa kei te whakarite koe i tētahi whare tāpine, kei te manatoko i te matua pokepoke, kei te whakatikatika rānei i tētahi rōpū ine teitei, me whai turanga pono ō taputapu ine mīhini. Kaua e tukua he mata kāore i whakatikatikaina hei taurangi huna i roto i tō whārite kounga.
Nō reira, pātai atu ki a koe anō: nōnahea te wā whakamutunga i whakatikatikahia ai tō pereti miihini e te tohunga ngaio? Ki te kore e taea e koe te whakautu māia, kua tae pea te wā ki te whakatikatika i tō turanga. Kei ZHHIMG mātou hei āwhina—ehara i te mea ko te hoko noa i te karāhe, engari hei tiaki i te pono o ia inenga ka mahia e koe.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-09-2025