I roto i te hanga tino tika, te huihuinga rererangi, me ngā toa taputapu me te mate kounga teitei puta noa i Ūropi me Amerika Te Raki, he pono puku engari he mea nui e orahia ana e ngā tohunga ine ine: ahakoa te matatau o āu taputapu, ko te pono o āu inenga ko te mata e tohuhia ana. Ā, ina tae ki te tika taketake, kāore he mea - ahakoa te rino maka, ahakoa te maitai, ahakoa te hiato - e rite ana ki te pumau o te pereti mata tirotiro karāhe. Ahakoa tōna tūranga matua, he maha ngā wā ka whakaarohia tēnei taonga nui hei papa mahi kore mahi, kaua ki te paerewa ine ine hohe.
He iti noa iho ngā hua o taua hapa engari he utu nui. Ka whakarārangihia e te mīhini he taputapu uaua mā te whakamahi i ngā ine teitei i runga i tētahi pereti kua tawhito, kāore rānei i whakamanahia. Ka manatokohia e te kaitirotiro te papatahi o te mata hiri me te tohu waea e mau ana ki runga i tētahi turanga piko. Ka whakaaetia e te miihini kounga he puranga i runga i ngā raraunga CMM kāore anō kia manatokohia ki tētahi papa tohutoro e mōhiotia ana. I ia take, tera pea kei te pai te mahi a ngā taputapu—engari kei te ngoikore te turanga i raro i a rātou. Koia te take he mea pai te mārama ki ngā āheinga, ngā herenga, me te whakamahinga tika o tō pereti mata tirotiro karāhe, inā koa ka mahi me ngā pūnaha pereti mata karāhe nui—he mea nui kia mau tonu te kounga ka taea te whai, te tiaki.
Ko te karāneti te rauemi i whiriwhiria mōngā mata tohutoro tikamai i waenganui o te rautau 20, ā, mō ngā take pūtaiao whakamīharo. Ko tōna hanganga tioata matotoru, pai te āhua e tuku ana i te pakari tino pai, te iti o te horapa wera (te tikanga 6–8 µm/m·°C), me te whakaiti i te wiri taiao—he mea nui katoa mō ngā inenga ka taea te whakahoki. Kāore i rite ki ngā pereti whakarewa, e waikura ana, e pupuri ana i te ahotea, ā, e whānui haere ana me ngā nekehanga pāmahana taiao, ka noho pumau tonu te karāhe i raro i ngā āhuatanga awheawhe noa. Koia te take e tohua ai e ngā paerewa pēnei i te ASME B89.3.7 me te ISO 8512-2 te karāhe—ehara i te mea hei mea pai, engari hei whakaritenga taketake—mō ngā pereti mata o te Reanga 00 ki te Reanga 1 e whakamahia ana i roto i te whakatikatika me te tirotiro.
Engari ka puta mai he wero hou i te rahi.pereti mata karāhe—hei tauira, 2000 x 1000 mm, nui ake rānei—ehara i te mea he putanga tauine noa iho o te pereti papa. Ko tōna taumaha (he maha ngā wā ka neke atu i te 800 kg) me whai āhua tautoko tika hei ārai i te hekenga. Ka taea e ngā pikinga wera puta noa i tōna papatipu te hanga i ngā piko iti mena kāore i te tika te taunga. Ā, nā te mea ka taurite te ātete papatahi me te rahi (hei tauira, ±13 µm mō te pereti 2000 x 1000 mm Grade 0 i runga i te ISO 8512-2), ahakoa ngā rerekētanga iti ka nui haere i ngā tawhiti roa. Koinei te wāhi e tūtaki ai te mahi toi ki te hangarau: kāore ngā pereti granite whakatakotoranga nui e tapahia noa me te orohia—ka whakaitihia te ahotea mō ngā marama, ka pania ā-ringa mō ngā wiki, ā, ka whakamanahia mā te whakamahi i ngā inenga laser, i ngā taumata hiko rānei i ngā rau o ngā pūwāhi puta noa i te mata.
He rite tonu te hiranga o te hononga o ēnei pereti ki ngā taputapu ine pereti mata. Ko ngā ine teitei, ngā tohu whakamātautau waea, ngā pae sine, ngā tapawhā tika, ngā poraka ine, me ngā kaiwhakatairite whatu, e whakaaro ana ko te mata o raro he papa tino tika. Ki te kore, ka riro mai i ia pānui taua hapa. Hei tauira, ina whakamahia he ine teitei mamati hei ine i ngā teitei o ngā taahiraa i runga i te poraka miihini, ka puta he hapa 10-micron i roto i te pereti ki te 10-micron i roto i tō inenga kua pūrongohia—ahakoa kua tino tika te ine. Koia te take kāore ngā taiwhanga taumata teitei e pupuri noa i te pereti karāhe; e whakaarohia ana e rātou hei paerewa ora, e whakarite ana i ngā whakatikatika auau, e whakahaere ana i te pānga ki te taiao, me te tuhi i ia whakamahinga.
I ZHHIMG, kua kite ā-kanohi mātou i te āhua o te hurihanga ki tētahi pereti mata tirotiro karāhe kua whakamanahia hei whakarerekē i ngā hua kounga. I whakakapia e tētahi kaihanga pokepoke Pākehā tā rātou tēpu rino tawhito ki tētahi pereti karāhe 1500 x 1000 mm Grade 0, ā, i kite i te hekenga o te rerekētanga ine i waenga i ngā kaiwhakahaere mā te 40%. Kāore ā rātou taputapu i rerekē—engari i rerekē tā rātou tohutoro. I paahitia e tētahi atu kiritaki i roto i te rāngai taputapu hauora tētahi arotakenga pakari a te FDA i muri i te whakarato i ngā tiwhikete whakatikatika katoa mō tā rātou pereti mata karāhe nui, e whakaatu ana i te whai i ngā paerewa ā-motu. Ehara ēnei i te wikitoria takitahi; he hua matapae ina whakapumautia tō inenga ki te pono ā-tinana.
He mea tika hoki kia whakakorea tētahi kōrero pakiwaitara noa: he pakarukaru te karāhe. Ahakoa ka pakarukaru mēnā ka whiua ki te maitai whakapakeke, he tino pakari i raro i te whakamahinga noa. Kāore e waikura, kāore e hiahiatia he hinu, ā, e kore e piko i te haumākū, i ngā huringa pāmahana rānei. Me te tiaki taketake—te horoinga auau ki te waipiro isopropyl, te karo i ngā pānga tika, me te tautoko tika—he kounga teiteipereti karāheka roa pea mō te 30 tau, neke atu rānei. He maha ngā pereti i tāutahia i te tekau tau atu i 1970 kei te whakamahia tonutia i ia rā, kāore anō kia rerekē te papatahi.
I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi pereti mata tirotiro karāhe, kaua e titiro ki te āhua ataahua anake. Manatokohia te tohu (Tohu 00 mō ngā taiwhanga whakatikatika, Tohu 0 mō te tirotiro tino tika), whakaū kei roto i te tiwhikete he mahere papatahi (kaua ko te tohu paahi/rahunga anake), ā, kia tino whakaratohia e te kaiwhakarato he aratohu mō te whakatūnga, te whakahaere, me ngā wā whakatikatika anō. Mō ngā tāutanga pereti mata karāhe nui, pātai atu mō ngā tūnga ritenga me ngā waewae whakataurite ka taea te whakarite me te wehewehe wiri—he mea nui hei pupuri i te tika i roto i ngā taiao whakaputa.
Kia maumahara: ko te pono o āu taputapu ine pereti mata ko te mata e tū ana. Ko te ine teitei 10,000 i runga i te tēpu whatu, kāore e tika ake i te 100 i runga i te pereti karāhe kua whakamanahia. Ehara te tika i te mea ko te taputapu tino utu nui - engari ko te tohutoro tino pono.
I ZHHIMG, ka mahi tahi mātou me ngā awheawhe matua e whakakotahi ana i ngā tikanga tāmi toi me te whakamana ine ine hou. Ko ia pereti e tukuna ana e mātou ka whakamatautauria takitahi, ka whakarārangihia, ā, ka haere tahi me te tiwhikete whai-NIST katoa. Kāore mātou e whakapono ki te "tata rawaka." I roto i te ine ine, kāore he mea pērā.
Nō reira, pātai atu ki a koe anō: ina paahitia e koe te wāhanga tino nui o te tirotiro whakamutunga, ka whakawhirinaki koe ki te tau—ka pātai rānei koe ki te āhua o raro? Mā te whakautu pea e whakatau mēnā he angitu, he hinga rānei tō arotake e whai ake nei. Nā te mea i roto i te ao o te tika, ka tīmata te pono mai i te whenua ki runga. Ā, i ZHHIMG, e whakapau kaha ana mātou ki te whakarite kia pakari, kia pumau, kia tika hoki te āhua o te pūtaiao.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-09-2025