Ko te whai tonu i te tika o te taumata-micron i roto i te hanga hou kua panaia ngā rauemi tuku iho ki ō rātou rohe tūturu. I te mea e hiahia ana ngā ahumahi mai i te hanga semiconductor ki ngā karu mata teitei ki ngā manawanui pakari ake, kua neke te kōrero mai i ngā konganuku tuku iho ki ngā āheinga whakamiharo o ngā uku hangarau. Kei te ngākau o tēnei whanaketanga he pātai matua: me pēhea e taea ai e ngā kaihanga te whakatutuki i te pumau tino pai me te nekehanga kore-waku i roto i te taiao e taea ai e te matūriki moroiti te arahi ki te pakaru kino? Kei te kitea haere te whakautu i roto i te whakaurunga o ngā uku porous me ngā wāhanga zirconia matotoru.
Ina tirohia ngā wero e pā ana ki ngā miihini huri tino tika, ko te arai matua ko te whakahaere i te pa o te tinana me te wera. He maha ngā wā ka whakauruhia e ngā herenga miihini tuku iho, e ngā pūwero korehau paerewa rānei, ngā ahotea iti ki roto i te mea mahi, ka hua ake he whakarerekētanga e kitea noa ana i raro i te karuārai engari ka kino ki te kounga o te hua whakamutunga. Koinei te wāhi e puta ai te auahatanga o tepereti momimō ngā mahi mīhini huri kua tino rerekē. Mā te whakamahi i ngā hanganga uku motuhake, ka whakaratohia e ēnei pereti he taumata tohatoha pēhanga ōrite kāore i taea i mua, kia noho papatahi ai te wāhanga mahi me te kore he tohu ahotea ā-rohe e kitea ana i roto i ngā taputapu whakarewa.
Ka puta te "makutu" tūturu ina tirohia tata atu te pūtaiao rauemi o tētahi wahi uku porowhita e mānu ana i te hau. Kāore i rite ki ngā rauemi totoka, he whatunga pūwero iti, he hononga-honohono ngā uku porowhita kua hangaia. Ina whakaurua te hau kōpeke mā roto i tēnei hanganga, ka hangaia he "urunga hau" angiangi, tino pakari. Mā tēnei ka taea te whakahaere kore-pa o ngā papa angiangi, ngā karāhe tino angiangi rānei, ka mānu te wāhanga i runga i te moenga hau. Mō te hunga whakarongo o te ao e aro ana ki te whai huatanga o te hau ā-irahiko, ehara tēnei hangarau i te whakapai ake noa iho; he mea nui hei whakaiti i te ngaronga hua me te ārai i te poke o te mata.
Heoi, ko te whai huatanga o ēnei pūnaha e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki te kounga o ngā taputapu e karapoti ana. Ko te pai o te pūnaha kawe hau, te pūnaha momi rānei, he rite tonu ki te anga e tautoko ana i a ia. Nā tēnei kua piki ake te hiahia mō ngā wāhanga uku matotoru tika e mahi ana hei tuara o te mīhini. Ahakoa ka taea e ngā wāhanga pūwero te whakahaere i te atanga ngawari o te urunga hau, ko te matotorungā wāhanga ukuKa whakaratohia te pakari o te hanganga me te pumau o te wera e hiahiatia ana hei pupuri i te tūnga tika mō ngā miriona huringa. Nā te mea he iti ake te tauwehenga o te whakawhānui wera o ngā uku ki te maitai kore waikura, ki te konumohe rānei, ka mau tonu te pumau o te āhua ahakoa te nui o te wera o te taiao e puta mai ana i te waku o te huri tere-rahi.
I roto i ngā rauemi e ārahi ana i tēnei taumata, ko te zirconia ($ZrO_2$) te mea e tū ana hei "maitai uku" o te umanga. Nā tōna pakari pakaru me tōna ātete ki te kakahu, he mea tino pai mō ngā wāhanga e tu atu ana ki ngā taiao ahumahi uaua me te pupuri tonu i te mata kia maeneene. I roto i te horopaki huri, ka ātete ngā wāhanga zirconia ki te paru whakakoi me te kakahu miihini tonu ka memeha atu i ētahi atu rauemi i roto i ngā wiki. Mā te whiriwhiri i te zirconia mō ngā wāhanga ara nui, kei te haumi ngā kaihanga ki te roa o te ora me te auau o tā rātou raina whakaputa katoa.
Mai i te tirohanga ā-ao, ko te nekehanga ki ēnei rauemi he ia whānui ake i roto i te whenua "Ahumahi 4.0". Kei te rapu haere ngā kamupene hangarau o Ūropi me Amerika i ngā hoa mahi e mārama ana ki te whānuitanga o te tohatoha rahi o ngā pore me te āhua o te whenua moroiti ongā mata ukuKāore e ranea te whakarato noa i tētahi rauemi mārō; ko te whāinga he whakarato i tētahi atanga mahi. Ahakoa he pūwero uku porous e pupuri ana i tētahi anga silicon me te kaha ōrite, he ara ārahi uku matotoru rānei e whakarite ana i te tika o te haere i raro i te maikorona, ko te hononga o ēnei hangarau te wāhi e hangaia ai te whakatupuranga taputapu e whai ake nei.
I a tātou e titiro ana ki te heke mai o te hangarau tika, ka hohonu ake te mahi tahi i waenga i te hangarau hau-mānu me te pūtaiao rauemi matatau. Ko te kaha ki te neke, ki te pupuri, me te tukatuka rauemi me te kore e pakaru te tinana ko te "tapu tapu" o te hanga hangarau teitei. Mā te whakamahi i ngā painga motuhake o ngā hanganga pūngoi mō te tohatoha wai me te pakari o te zirconia matotoru mō te hanganga, kei te kite ngā kamupene ka taea e rātou te pana i ā rātou mīhini kia tere ake, kia tika ake hoki i mua. Koinei te paerewa hou o te hiranga - he ao e mahi tahi ana te hau e manawahia ana e tātou me ngā uku e hangaia ana e tātou i roto i te tino ōrite ki te hanga i ngā taputapu tino tika i roto i te hītori o te tangata.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-24-2025