Aratohu Whakaoti mō te Mīhini CMM me te Ine

He aha te mīhini CMM?

Whakaarohia he mīhini āhua CNC e kaha ana ki te mahi ine tino tika i roto i te huarahi tino aunoa. Koinei te mahi a ngā Mīhini CMM!

Ko te tikanga o te CMM ko "Coordinate Measuring Machine". Koinei pea ngā taputapu ine 3D tino pai rawa atu e pā ana ki te ngāwari, te tika, me te tere.

Ngā Whakamahinga o ngā Mīhini Ine Taunga

He mea nui ngā Mīhini Ine Taunga ina hiahiatia he ine tika. Ā, ki te uaua ake, ki te maha ake rānei ngā inenga, ka nui ake te painga o te whakamahi i te CMM.

Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia ngā CMM hei tirotiro me te whakahaere kounga. Arā, ka whakamahia hei manatoko kei te tutuki te wāhanga i ngā whakaritenga me ngā whakaritenga a te kaihoahoa.

Tērā pea ka whakamahia hoki ēnei kimiihini whakamuringā wāhanga o nāianei mā te ine tika i ō rātou āhuatanga.

Nā wai i hanga ngā mīhini CMM?

I whakawhanakehia ngā Mīhini CMM tuatahi e te Kamupene Ferranti o Kōtirana i ngā tau 1950. I hiahiatia ēnei mō te ine tika i ngā wāhanga i roto i ngā ahumahi rererangi me te ārai. E rua noa iho ngā tuaka nekehanga o ngā mīhini tuatahi. I whakaurua mai ngā mīhini tuaka-toru i ngā tau 1960 e te DEA o Itari. I puta mai te mana whakahaere rorohiko i ngā tau tōmua o te tau 1970, ā, i whakaurua mai e Sheffield o USA.

Ngā momo mīhini CMM

E rima ngā momo mīhini ine taunga:

• Momo Piriti CMM: I tēnei hoahoa, ko te mea tino noa, ka eke te pane CMM ki runga i te piriti. Ka eke tetahi taha o te piriti ki runga i te reera i runga i te moenga, ā, ka tautokona tetahi ki runga i te urunga hau, i tētahi atu tikanga rānei i runga i te moenga, kāore he reera ārahi.
• Cantilever CMM: Ka tautokona te piriti e te cantilever i te taha kotahi anake.
• Gantry CMM: Ka whakamahia e te gantry he ara ārahi i ngā taha e rua, pērā i te CNC Router. Koinei ngā CMM nui rawa atu, nō reira me whai tautoko tāpiri.
• Ringa Whakapae CMM: Whakaarohia he cantilever, engari ko te piriti katoa e neke ana ki runga, ki raro i te ringa kotahi, kaua ki runga i tōna ake tuaka. Koinei ngā CMM kāore i te tino tika, engari ka taea e rātou te ine i ngā wāhanga nunui, angiangi pērā i ngā tinana waka.
• Momo Ringa Kawe CMM: Ka whakamahia e ēnei mīhini ngā ringa hono, ā, ka whakanohoia ā-ringa. Engari i te ine tika i te XYZ, ka tatauhia e rātou ngā taunga mai i te tūranga hurihuri o ia hononga me te roa e mōhiotia ana i waenga i ngā hononga.

He painga, he ngoikoretanga hoki tō ia mea, i runga i ngā momo inenga hei mahi. Ko ēnei momo e pā ana ki te hanganga o te mīhini e whakamahia ana hei whakanoho i ōnatirotiroe pā ana ki te wāhanga e inehia ana.

Anei tētahi ripanga āwhina hei āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki ngā painga me ngā huakore:

Ko te tikanga, e toru ngā āhua o ngā taputapu tirotiro – X, Y, me Z. Heoi anō, ka taea hoki e ngā mīhini matatau ake te whakarerekē i te koki o ngā taputapu tirotiro, kia taea ai te ine i ngā wāhi kāore e taea e te taputapu tirotiro te tae atu. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā tēpu hurihuri hei whakapai ake i te āheinga o ngā āhuatanga rerekē ki te whakatata atu.

He maha ngā wā ka hangaia ngā CMM ki te karāhe me te konumohe, ā, ka whakamahia he peera hau.

Ko te ine te pūoko e whakatau ana i te mata o te wāhanga ina mahia he ine.

Ko ngā momo pūwero:

• Mīhini
• Whatu
• Reera
• Mārama Mā

E toru ngā huarahi whānui e whakamahia ai ngā Mīhini Ine Taunga:

• Ngā Tari Whakahaere Kounga: I te nuinga o te wā ka puritia ēnei ki roto i ngā rūma ma e whakahaerehia ana te āhuarangi kia tino tika ai.
• Papa Toa: Kei roto ngā CMM i ngā Mīhini CNC hei whakahaere i ngā tirotiro hei wāhanga o te pūtau hanga me te iti o te haere i waenga i te CMM me te mīhini e mīhinihia ana ngā wāhanga. Mā tēnei ka taea te ine wawe, ā, ka nui ake pea te auau, ka penapena moni nā te mea ka kitea wawe ngā hapa.
• Kawe: He ngāwari te neke haere i ngā CMM kawe. Ka taea te whakamahi i runga i te papa toa, i te haere rānei ki tētahi papa tawhiti atu i te whare hanga ki te ine i ngā wāhanga i te mara.

He pēhea te tika o ngā mīhini CMM (te tika o te CMM)?

He rerekē te tika o ngā Mīhini Ine Taunga. Ko te tikanga, ko te tika o te maikoromita, pai ake rānei, e whai ana rātou. Engari ehara i te mea ngāwari. Tuatahi, ko te hapa he mahi a te rahi, nō reira ka taea te tohu i te hapa ine o te CMM hei tātai poto e whakauru ana i te roa o te ine hei taurangi.

Hei tauira, kua whakarārangihia te Hexagon's Global Classic CMM hei CMM utu-katoa, ā, e kīia ana tōna tika penei:

1.0 + rita/300um

Ko aua inenga kei roto i ngā maikorona, ā, ko te L kei roto i ngā mm. Nō reira, me kī tātou kei te ngana tātou ki te ine i te roa o tētahi āhuatanga 10mm. Ko te tātai ko 1.0 + 10/300 = 1.0 + 1/30, 1.03 maikorona rānei.

Ko te maikorona he haumano o te mm, arā, tata ki te 0.00003937 inihi. Nō reira, ko te hapa i te ine i te roa o te 10mm ko te 0.00103 mm, 0.00004055 inihi rānei. He iti iho i te haurua o te haurua o te hauwhā – he hapa iti rawa!

I tētahi atu taha, me 10 ngā wā ka nui ake te tika o te ine i tā tātou e ngana ana ki te ine. Ko te tikanga, me whakawhirinaki noa tātou ki tēnei inenga kia 10 ngā wā ka nui ake taua uara, arā, 0.00005 inihi. He hapa iti tonu.

Ka pōuri haere ngā āhuatanga mō ngā inenga CMM o te papa toa. Mēnā kei roto te CMM i tētahi taiwhanga tirotiro e whakahaeretia ana te pāmahana, he tino āwhina. Engari i te Papa Toa, ka rerekē rawa ngā pāmahana. He maha ngā huarahi ka taea e te CMM te whakaea i te rerekētanga o te pāmahana, engari kāore tētahi o ēnei e tino tika ana.

He maha ngā wā ka tohua e ngā kaihanga CMM te tika mō te awhi pāmahana, ā, e ai ki te paerewa ISO 10360-2 mō te tika o te CMM, ko te awhi noa he 64-72F (18-22C). He pai rawa atu tēnā mēnā kāore tō Papa Toa i te 86F i te raumati. Kāti, kāore i a koe he tauwhāititanga pai mō te hapa.

Ka hoatu e ētahi kaihanga he huinga arawhata, he here pāmahana rānei me ngā whakaritenga tika rerekē. Engari, he aha te mea ka tupu mēnā kei roto koe i ngā awhe neke atu i te kotahi mō te oma kotahi o ngā wāhanga i ngā wā rerekē o te rā, i ngā rā rerekē rānei o te wiki?

Ka tīmata te tangata ki te waihanga i tētahi tahua koretake e āhei ai ngā take kino rawa atu. Mena ka puta mai i aua take kino rawa atu he manawanui kāore e whakaaetia mō ō wāhanga, me huri anō ngā tukanga:

• Ka taea e koe te whakawhāiti i te whakamahinga o te CMM ki ētahi wā o te rā ina heke te pāmahana ki ngā awhe pai ake.
• Ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri kia whakamahi noa i ngā wāhanga, i ngā āhuatanga rānei e iti ake te āheinga ki te mīhini i ngā wā motuhake o te rā.
• Tērā pea he pai ake ngā whakaritenga a ngā CMM pai ake mō ō awhe pāmahana. Tērā pea he pai te utu ahakoa he nui ake te utu.

Ae, ka pā kino ēnei mahi ki tō kaha ki te whakarite tika i ō mahi. Kātahi ka whakaaro koe he haumitanga pai pea te whakahaere pai ake i te āhuarangi i runga i te Papa Toa.

Ka kite koe i te tino uaua o tēnei mahi ine.

Ko tētahi atu wāhanga e hono tahi ana ko te āhua o te whakatakoto i ngā taunga hei tirotiro mā te CMM. Ko te paerewa koura ko te Ine me te Manawanui Āhuahanga (GD&T). Tirohia tā mātou akoranga whakataki mō te GD&T kia mōhio ai koe ki ētahi atu kōrero.

Pūmanawa CMM

He maha ngā momo pūmanawa e whakahaerehia ana e ngā CMM. Ko te DMIS te ingoa o te paerewa, arā, ko te Dimensional Measurement Interface Standard. Ahakoa ehara i te atanga pūmanawa matua mō ngā kaihanga CMM katoa, he maha o rātou e tautoko ana i tēnei.

Kua waihangahia e ngā kaihanga ā rātou ake momo ine hei tāpiri i ngā mahi ine kāore i te tautokona e te DMIS.

DMIS

E ai ki te kōrero, ko DMIS te paerewa, engari pērā i te g-code a CNC, he maha ngā reo rerekē tae atu ki:

• PC-DMIS: Putanga a Hexagon
• OpenDMIS
• TouchDMIS: Perceptron

MCOSMOS

Ko MCOSTMOS te pūmanawa CMM a Nikon.

Karipipō

Ko Calypso he pūmanawa CMM nā Zeiss.

Pūmanawa CMM me te CAD/CAM

He aha te hononga o te Pūmanawa CMM me te Hōtaka ki te Pūmanawa CAD/CAM?

He maha ngā momo hōputu kōnae CAD, nō reira tirohia ko ēhea e hototahi ana ki tō Pūmanawa CMM. Ko te whakaurunga whakamutunga e kiia ana ko te Whakamāramatanga Hangai Tauira (MBD). Mā te MBD, ka taea te whakamahi i te tauira tonu hei tango i ngā ine mō te CMM.

He tino matatau a MDB, nō reira kāore anō kia whakamahia i te nuinga o ngā wā.

Ngā Pūoko CMM, Ngā Taputapu, me Ngā Taputapu Tāpiri

Ngā Pūtirotiro CMM

He maha ngā momo me ngā āhua o ngā tātaritanga e wātea ana hei whakahaere i ngā mahi rerekē.

Ngā Whakataetae CMM

Kei te penapena wā ngā taputapu katoa i te wā e utaina ana, e tangohia ana ngā wāhanga i runga i te CMM, pērā i te Mīhini CNC. Ka taea e koe te tiki CMM he uta papa aunoa hei whakanui ake i te tere o te mahi.

Utu Mīhini CMM

Ko te utu mō ngā Mīhini Ine Taunga hou ka tīmata i te awhe $20,000 ki te $30,000, ā, ka piki ake ki te neke atu i te $1 miriona.

Ngā Mahi e pā ana ki te CMM i roto i te Toa Mīhini

Kaiwhakahaere CMM

Kaihōtaka CMM

Kaiwhakahaere CMM