Kua noho te Whakaaturanga Papa Papatahi (FPD) hei mea rongonui mō ngā pouaka whakaata o āpōpō. Koinei te ia o te ao whānui, engari kāore he whakamāramatanga pakari i te ao. I te nuinga o te wā, he angiangi tēnei momo whakaaturanga, ā, he rite ki te papa papatahi te āhua. He maha ngā momo whakaaturanga papa papatahi. , E ai ki te momo whakaaturanga me te kaupapa mahi, kei reira ngā whakaaturanga karaihe wai (LCD), ngā whakaaturanga plasma (PDP), ngā whakaaturanga hikohiko (ELD), ngā whakaaturanga hikohiko waro (OLED), ngā whakaaturanga tukunga mara (FED), ngā whakaaturanga whakaata, me ētahi atu. He maha ngā taputapu FPD e hangaia ana e te karāhe. Nā te mea he pai ake te tika me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te turanga mīhini karāhe.
ia whanaketanga
Ki te whakatauritea ki te CRT tuku iho (ngoipo hihi katote), he pai ngā painga o te whakaaturanga papatahi, arā, he angiangi, he māmā, he iti te whakamahinga hiko, he iti te hihi, kāore he kanapa, ā, he pai hoki mō te hauora o te tangata. Kua hipa ake i te CRT i roto i ngā hokonga o te ao. I te tau 2010, e kiia ana ka eke te ōwehenga o te uara hoko o ngā mea e rua ki te 5:1. I te rautau 21, ka noho ngā whakaaturanga papatahi hei hua matua o te whakaaturanga. E ai ki te matapae a te kamupene rongonui a Stanford Resources, ka piki ake te mākete whakaaturanga papatahi o te ao mai i te 23 piriona tāra US i te tau 2001 ki te 58.7 piriona tāra US i te tau 2006, ā, ka eke te tere tipu ā-tau toharite ki te 20% i roto i ngā tau 4 e whai ake nei.
Hangarau whakaatu
Ka whakarōpūtia ngā whakaaturanga papatahi ki ngā whakaaturanga tuku mārama hohe me ngā whakaaturanga tuku mārama kore. Ko te mea tuatahi e pā ana ki te taputapu whakaatu e tukuna ana e te reo whakaatu te mārama me te whakarato i te hihi e kitea ana, tae atu ki te whakaaturanga plasma (PDP), te whakaaturanga fluorescent korehau (VFD), te whakaaturanga tuku mara (FED), te whakaaturanga electroluminescence (LED) me te whakaaturanga diode tuku mārama organic (OLED). Ko te tikanga o te mea whakamutunga kāore e tukuna te mārama i a ia anō, engari ka whakamahia te reo whakaatu kia whakarerekētia e te tohu hiko, ā, ka rerekē ōna āhuatanga whatu, ka whakarerekē i te mārama taiao me te mārama e tukuna ana e te pūtake hiko o waho (rama papamuri, pūtake mārama whakaata), ka mahi i runga i te mata whakaatu, i te mata rānei. Ko ngā taputapu whakaatu, tae atu ki te whakaaturanga karaihe wai (LCD), te whakaaturanga pūnaha moroiti-hikohiko (DMD) me te whakaaturanga waituhi hiko (EL), me ētahi atu.
LCD
Kei roto i ngā whakaaturanga karaihe wai ngā whakaaturanga karaihe wai matihiko korekore (PM-LCD) me ngā whakaaturanga karaihe wai matihiko hohe (AM-LCD). Kei roto i ngā whakaaturanga karaihe wai matihiko korekore ngā whakaaturanga karaihe wai STN me TN. I ngā tau 1990, i tere te whanaketanga o te hangarau whakaaturanga karaihe wai matihiko hohe, inā koa ko te whakaaturanga karaihe wai transistor kiriata angiangi (TFT-LCD). Hei hua whakakapi mō te STN, he tere te urupare me te kore e kimo, ā, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā rorohiko kawe me ngā teihana mahi, ngā pouaka whakaata, ngā kāmera me ngā papatohu kēmu ataata ringaringa. Ko te rerekētanga i waenga i te AM-LCD me te PM-LCD ko te mea kua tāpirihia he taputapu whakawhiti ki ia pika, ka taea te wikitoria i te whakawhiti-whakararuraru me te whiwhi whakaaturanga rerekē me te taumira teitei. Ko te AM-LCD o nāianei e whakamahi ana i te taputapu whakawhiti TFT silicon amorphous (a-Si) me te kaupapa pūnga rokiroki, ka taea te whiwhi taumata hina teitei me te whakatutuki i te whakaaturanga tae pono. Heoi, ko te hiahia mō ngā pika taumira teitei me te iti mō ngā tono kāmera me te whakaata teitei kua akiaki i te whanaketanga o ngā whakaaturanga TFT (transistor kiriata angiangi) P-Si (polysilicon). Ko te nekenekehanga o te P-Si e 8 ki te 9 ngā wā teitei ake i tō te a-Si. Ko te rahi iti o te P-Si TFT ehara i te mea he pai anake mō te whakaaturanga kiato teitei me te taumira teitei, engari ka taea hoki te whakauru i ngā ara iahiko taha ki runga i te papa.
I te katoa, he pai te LCD mō ngā whakaaturanga angiangi, māmā, iti me te rahi waenga me te iti o te kaha e pau ana, ā, he whānui te whakamahinga i roto i ngā taputapu hiko pēnei i ngā rorohiko pona me ngā waea pūkoro. Kua angitu te whakawhanaketanga o ngā LCD 30-inihi me te 40-inihi, ā, kua whakamahia ētahi. Whai muri i te hanga LCD nui, ka heke tonu te utu. Kei te wātea he mata LCD 15-inihi mō te $500. Ko tana ahunga whanaketanga ā muri ake nei ko te whakakapi i te whakaaturanga katote o te PC me te whakamahi i roto i te pouaka whakaata LCD.
Whakaaturanga plasma
He hangarau whakaatu mārama te whakaaturanga plasma e whakatinanahia ana e te kaupapa o te tukunga hau (pērā i te āhuarangi). He rite ngā painga o ngā whakaaturanga plasma ki ngā ngongo hihi katote, engari he hanganga angiangi rawa te hanga. Ko te rahi o te hua matua ko te 40-42 inihi. Kei te whanakehia ngā hua 50 60 inihi.
te hihi o te korehau
He whakaaturanga whānuitia te whakaaturanga hihi korehau i roto i ngā hua oro/ataata me ngā taputapu kāinga. He taputapu whakaatu korehau momo ngongo irahiko triode e kapi ana i te katote, te whatunga me te anode i roto i te ngongo korehau. Ko te tikanga, ka tere ake ngā irahiko e tukuna ana e te katote mā te ngaohiko pai e pā ana ki te whatunga me te anode, ā, ka whakaoho i te phosphor kua pania ki te anode kia tukuna te mārama. He hanganga honikoma te whatunga.
te hikohiko)
Ka hangaia ngā whakaaturanga hiko-whakamārama mā te whakamahi i te hangarau kiriata angiangi totoka. Ka whakatakotoria he paparanga ārai i waenganui i ngā pereti kawe hiko e rua, ā, ka whakatakotoria he paparanga hiko-whakamārama angiangi. Ka whakamahia e te taputapu he pereti pania-konutea, he pereti pania-strontium rānei me te whānuitanga o te whānuitanga o te tukunga hei wāhanga hiko-whakamārama. Ko te matotoru o tōna paparanga hiko-whakamārama he 100 maikorona, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki i te pānga whakaaturanga mārama rite tonu ki te whakaaturanga diode whakaputa mārama organic (OLED). Ko tōna ngaohiko taraiwa noa he 10KHz, 200V AC ngaohiko, e hiahia ana ki te IC taraiwa utu nui ake. Kua angitu te whakawhanake i tētahi whakaaturanga iti-taumira teitei e whakamahi ana i tētahi kaupapa taraiwa rarangi hohe.
arahina
He maha ngā momo rama rama kei roto i ngā whakaaturanga tioata-mārama, he kotahi te tae, he maha rānei ngā tae. Kua wātea mai ngā rama rama kikorangi tino whai hua, ā, ka taea te whakaputa i ngā whakaaturanga LED mata nui tae-katoa. Ko ngā āhuatanga o ngā whakaaturanga LED he kanapa teitei, he tino whai hua, he roa te ora, ā, he pai mō ngā whakaaturanga mata nui mō te whakamahinga o waho. Heoi, kāore e taea te hanga whakaaturanga waenga-whānui mō ngā aroturuki, ngā PDA rānei (rorohiko ringaringa) me tēnei hangarau. Heoi, ka taea te whakamahi i te ara iahiko whakauru kotahi te tae LED hei whakaaturanga mariko kotahi te tae.
MEMS
He whakaaturanga iti tēnei i hangaia mā te whakamahi i te hangarau MEMS. I roto i ēnei whakaaturanga, ka hangaia ngā hanganga miihini moroiti mā te tukatuka i ngā haurua-ā-ira me ētahi atu rauemi mā te whakamahi i ngā tukanga haurua-ā-ira paerewa. I roto i tētahi taputapu whakaata moroiti mamati, ko te hanganga he whakaata moroiti e tautokona ana e tētahi hononga. Ka whakaohokia ōna hononga e ngā utu i runga i ngā pereti e hono ana ki tētahi o ngā pūtau mahara i raro. Ko te rahi o ia whakaata moroiti he tata ki te diameter o te makawe tangata. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia tēnei taputapu i roto i ngā pūwhakaata arumoni kawe me ngā pūwhakaata whare tapere.
tukunga mara
Ko te kaupapa matua o te whakaaturanga tukunga mara he rite ki te ngongo hihi katote, arā, ka kukumea ngā irahiko e te pereti ka meinga kia tukinga ki te phosphor kua pania ki te anode hei tuku i te mārama. Ko tōna katote he mea tito mai i te tini o ngā pūtake irahiko iti kua whakaritea ki roto i te rarangi, arā, i roto i te āhua o te rarangi o te pika kotahi me te katote kotahi. Pērā i ngā whakaaturanga plasma, me nui ngā ngaohiko e hiahiatia ana e ngā whakaaturanga tukunga mara kia mahi, mai i te 200V ki te 6000V. Engari tae noa ki tēnei wā, kāore anō kia waiho hei whakaaturanga papatahi matua nā te nui o te utu whakaputa o āna taputapu hanga.
mārama rauropi
I roto i te whakaaturanga tiode rama-whakaputa rauropi (OLED), ka tukuna he iahiko hiko mā roto i tētahi, neke atu rānei, o ngā paparanga kirihou hei whakaputa mārama e rite ana ki ngā tiode rama-whakaputa kore-rauropi. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te mea e hiahiatia ana mō tētahi taputapu OLED he puranga kiriata totoka i runga i tētahi papa. Heoi, he tino tairongo ngā rauemi rauropi ki te mamaoa wai me te hāora, nō reira he mea nui te hiri. He taputapu rama-whakaputa kaha ngā OLED, ā, he tino pai ngā āhuatanga mārama me ngā āhuatanga iti te whakapaunga hiko. He nui te kaha o ēnei mō te whakaputa papatipu i roto i te tukanga hurihuri-mā-roera i runga i ngā papa ngāwari, nō reira he tino iti te utu ki te hanga. He whānui ngā tono o te hangarau, mai i te rama whānui kotahi-tae noa ki ngā whakaaturanga whakairoiro ataata tae-katoa.
Waituhi hiko
Ko ngā whakaaturanga waituhi-e he whakaaturanga e whakahaeretia ana mā te whakamahi i tētahi papa hiko ki tētahi rauemi e taea te whakamahi. He maha ngā porowhita mārama kua hiritia, tata ki te 100 maikoroni te whānui o ia porowhita, kei roto he rauemi wai pango kua taehia me ngā mano tini o ngā matūriki o te hauhā titanium mā. Ina whakamahia he papa hiko ki te rauemi e taea te whakamahi, ka heke ngā matūriki hauhā titanium ki tētahi o ngā irahiko i runga i te āhua o tō rātou utu. Mā tēnei ka puta te māramatanga i te pika, kāore rānei. Nā te mea he taea te whakamahi i te rauemi, ka pupuri i ngā mōhiohio mō ngā marama. Nā te mea kei te whakahaerehia tōna āhua mahi e tētahi papa hiko, ka taea te whakarerekē i te ihirangi o tōna whakaaturanga me te iti rawa o te pūngao.
pūoko rama mura
Pūoko Whakaahua Mura FPD (Pūoko Whakaahua Mura, FPD te whakarapopototanga)
1. Te mātāpono o te FPD
Ko te kaupapa o te FPD e ahu mai ana i te tahunga o te tauira i roto i te mura whai hauwai, kia whakaitihia ai ngā matū kei roto te whanariki me te whākawa e te hauwai i muri i te tahunga, ā, ka puta ngā āhua whakaoho o S2* (te āhua whakaoho o S2) me HPO* (te āhua whakaoho o HPO). Ka tukuna e ngā matū whakaoho e rua ngā irahiko huri noa i te 400nm me te 550nm ina hoki ki te āhua whenua. Ka inehia te kaha o tēnei irahiko mā te whakamahi i tētahi ngongo whakarea whakaahua, ā, he rite te kaha o te mārama ki te tere rere papatipu o te tauira. He taputapu tino tairongo, he taputapu whiriwhiri hoki te FPD, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te tātari i ngā matū whanariki me te whākawa.
2. Te hanganga o te FPD
He hanganga te FPD e whakakotahi ana i te FID me te ine whakaahua. I tīmata hei FPD mura-kotahi. Whai muri i te tau 1978, hei whakakapi i ngā ngoikoretanga o te FPD mura-kotahi, i whakawhanakehia te FPD mura-rua. E rua ngā mura hau-hauwai motuhake, ka huri te mura o raro i ngā ngota tauira hei hua tahunga kei roto ngā ngota ngāwari pēnei i te S2 me te HPO; ka puta i te mura o runga ngā kongakonga āhua whakahihiri kanapa pēnei i te S2* me te HPO*, he matapihi e anga ana ki te mura o runga, ā, ka kitea te kaha o te chemiluminescence e te ngongo whakarea whakaahua. He karāhe mārō te matapihi, ā, he maitai kore waikura te pūwero mura.
3. Te mahi a te FPD
He pūoko whiriwhiri te FPD mō te whakatau i ngā matū whanariki me te whākōkī. He mura whai hauwai tōna mura, ā, he nui noa te hau e tukuna ana hei tauhohe ki te 70% o te hauwai, nō reira he iti te pāmahana mura hei whakaputa i te whanariki me te whākōkī whakahihiri. Ngā kongakonga matū. He nui te awe o te tere rere o te hau kawe, te hauwai me te hau ki te FPD, nō reira me tino pumau te whakahaere rere o te hau. Me tata ki te 390 °C te pāmahana mura mō te whakatau i ngā matū kei roto te whanariki, ka taea te whakaputa i te S2* whakahihiri; mō te whakatau i ngā matū kei roto te whākōkī, me noho te ōwehenga o te hauwai me te hāora i waenga i te 2 me te 5, ā, me whakarerekē te ōwehenga hauwai-ki-hāora kia rite ki ngā tauira rerekē. Me whakarite hoki te hau kawe me te hau hanga kia whiwhi ai i te ōwehenga tohu-ki-haruru pai.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-18-2022