I roto i te awheawhe hanga haurua-ira, he tino nui ngā whakaritenga o te tukanga hanga maramara mō ngā āhuatanga taiao me te tika o ngā taputapu, ā, mā te iti o te rerekētanga ka heke te hua o te maramara. Ka whakawhirinaki te tūāpapa nekehanga gantry tika XYZT ki ngā wāhanga karāhe hei mahi tahi me ētahi atu wāhanga o te tūāpapa hei hanga i tētahi turanga pakari mō te whakatutuki i te tika o te nanoscale.
Ngā āhuatanga aukati wiri tino pai
I roto i te awheawhe hanga haurua-ira, ka taea e te whakahaere o ngā taputapu taha me ngā kaimahi e hikoi ana te whakaputa wiri. He matotoru, he ōrite te hanganga o roto o ngā wāhanga karāhe, me ngā āhuatanga whakamātao teitei taiao, pērā i te "ārai" wiri whai hua. Ina tukuna te wiri o waho ki te tūāpapa XYZT, ka taea e te wāhanga karāhe te whakaiti i te neke atu i te 80% o te kaha wiri me te whakaiti i te pokanoa o te wiri ki te tika o te nekehanga o te tūāpapa. I taua wā anō, kei te tūāpapa he pūnaha aratohu hau tino tika, e mahi tahi ana me ngā wāhanga karāhe. Ka whakamahia e te aratohu hau te kiriata hau pumau i hangaia e te hau pēhanga teitei hei whakatutuki i te nekehanga whakatārewatanga kore pa o ngā wāhanga neke o te tūāpapa me te whakaiti i te wiri iti i puta mai i te waku miihini. Mā te mahi tahi, ka whakarite kia mau tonu te tika o te tūnga o te tūāpapa i te taumata nanometer i roto i ngā tukanga matua pēnei i te tuhi maramara me te whakairo, me te karo i te peka o ngā tauira ara iahiko maramara i puta mai i te wiri.
Te pumau wera tino pai
He nui te pānga o te piki me te heke o te pāmahana me te haumākū i roto i te awheawhe ki te tika o ngā taputapu hanga maramara. He tino iti te tauwehenga whānui wera o te karāhe, ko te tikanga he 5-7 ×10⁻⁶/℃, tata kore e rerekē te rahi ina huri te pāmahana. Ahakoa te rerekētanga pāmahana i waenga i te ao me te pō i roto i te awheawhe, te whakaputanga wera rānei o ngā taputapu ka puta te piki me te heke o te pāmahana taiao, ka taea e ngā wāhanga karāhe te noho pumau hei ārai i te whakarerekētanga o te tūāpapa nā te whānui me te whakahekenga wera. I taua wā anō, ka aroturukihia e te pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana atamai me te tūāpapa te pāmahana taiao i te wā tūturu, ka whakarerekē aunoa i te hauhautanga me ngā taputapu whakamarara wera, ā, ka pupuri i te pāmahana o te awheawhe i te 20°C ±1°C. I te taha o ngā painga o te pumau wera karāhe, ka whakarite kia roa te mahi a te tūāpapa, kia tutuki tonu te tika o te nekehanga o ia tuaka ki ngā paerewa tika nanometer hanga maramara, kia tika ai te rahi o te tauira tuhi maramara, kia ōrite ai te hohonu o te whakairo.
Te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te taiao ma
Me pupuri tonu te toa hanga haurua-ira i te taumata tiketike o te ma kia kore ai e poke te maramara i ngā matūriki puehu. Kāore te rauemi karāhe e whakaputa puehu, ā, he maeneene te mata, kāore e ngāwari ki te mimiti puehu. Ko te papaaho whānui e whakamahi ana i tētahi hoahoa hanganga kua kati katoa, kua kati rānei kia whakaitihia te urunga mai o te puehu o waho. Ka honoa te pūnaha tohanga hau o roto ki te pūnaha hauhautanga ma o te awheawhe kia eke ai te ma o te hau o roto ki te taumata e hiahiatia ana e te hanga maramara. I roto i tēnei taiao ma, kāore ngā wāhanga karāhe e pā ki te mahi nā te mimiti puehu, ā, ka taea hoki e ngā wāhanga matua pēnei i ngā pūoko me ngā motuka tino tika o te papaaho te mahi pumau, e whakarato ana i te taurangi tika tonu me te pono mō te hanga maramara, me te āwhina i te umanga haurua-ira ki te neke ki tētahi taumata tukanga teitei ake.
Wā tuku: 14 Paenga-whāwhā 2025