He mahi nui tā ngā wāhanga karāhe tino tika i roto i te tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga, hei papa tohutoro mō te manatoko i te āhua o te wāhanga, te tirotiro i ngā hapa āhua, me te tautoko i te mahi tahora tino tika. Nā tō rātou pumau, tō rātou pakari, me te ātete ki te whakarerekētanga roa, ka waiho te karāhe hei rauemi pono puta noa i ngā taiwhanga ine, ngā kaihanga taputapu mīhini, me ngā taiao hanga tino tika. Ahakoa e mōhiotia whānuitia ana te karāhe hei kohatu hanganga pakari, ko tōna whanonga hei mata tohutoro ine e whai ana i ngā mātāpono āhuahanga motuhake—ina koa ka whirihorahia te turanga tohutoro i te wā whakatikatika, i te wā tirotiro rānei.
I ahu mai te karāneti i te magma e mātao haere ana i roto i te kiri o Papatūānuku. Nā tōna hanganga rite o te kakano, ōna kohuke honohono kaha, me tōna kaha pēhi pai rawa atu, ka puta te pumau ā-ahu mō te wā roa e hiahiatia ana mō te hangarau tika. Ko te karāneti pango kounga teitei, he iti noa te ahotea o roto, he hanganga tioata pai, ā, he ātete tino pai ki te kakahu me ngā awe o te taiao. Mā ēnei āhuatanga ka whakamahia te karāneti ehara i te mea i roto i ngā turanga mīhini me ngā tēpu tirotiro anake, engari i roto hoki i ngā tono o waho uaua, me noho tonu te āhua me te pakari mō ngā tekau tau.
Ina rerekē te ine o te mata tohutoro o te karāhe—pērā i te wā e whakatikatika ana, e hanga hou ana i te mata, i te wā rānei e whakawhiti ana i ngā turanga ine—ka whai te whanonga o te mata ine i ngā ture e taea te matapae. Nā te mea ka tangohia ngā inenga teitei katoa kia poutū ki te papa tohutoro, mā te whakatītaha, te neke rānei i te ine ka whakarerekē i ngā uara tau kia rite ki te tawhiti mai i te tuaka hurihuri. He pānga rārangi tēnei, ā, ko te nui o te pikinga, te hekenga rānei o te teitei inehia i ia pūwāhi e rite ana ki tōna tawhiti mai i te rārangi porowhita.
Ahakoa te hurihanga paku o te papa rātaka, ka noho tonu te ahunga o te ine kia poutū ki te mata e arotakehia ana. He tino iti te rerekētanga koki i waenga i te rātaka mahi me te tohutoro tirotiro, nō reira ko te awe ka puta he hapa tuarua, ā, he iti noa iho i roto i te inenga mahi. Hei tauira, ko te aromatawai papatahi e ahu mai ana i te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā pūwāhi teitei me ngā pūwāhi iti rawa, nō reira kāore he pānga o te nekehanga ōrite o te rātaka ki te hua whakamutunga. Nō reira, ka taea te whakakore i ngā raraunga tau mā te nui ōrite puta noa i ngā pūwāhi katoa me te kore e whakarerekē i te putanga papatahi.
Ko te panonitanga o ngā uara ine i te wā o te whakatikatika i te rātaka e whakaata ana i te whakawhiti āhuahanga, i te hurihanga rānei o te papa tohutoro. He mea nui te mārama ki tēnei whanonga mō ngā tohunga hangarau e whakatikatika ana i ngā mata karāhe, e tātari ana rānei i ngā raraunga ine, kia tika ai te whakamaoritanga o ngā panonitanga o ngā uara tau, ā, kia kore ai e pohehetia mō ngā pekapeka mata tūturu.
Ko te hanga i ngā wāhanga karāhe tino tika me whai tikanga miihini tino pakari. Me pupuri kia ma, kia tiakina hoki ngā mīhini āwhina e whakamahia ana hei tukatuka i te kōhatu, nā te mea ka taea e te poke, te waikura ā-roto rānei te whakararu i te tika. I mua i te mahi miihini, me tirotirohia ngā wāhanga o te taputapu mō ngā pūwero, ngā hapa mata rānei, ā, me pania he hinu whakahinuhinu ki ngā wāhi e tika ana kia maeneene ai te nekehanga. Me mahi anō ngā tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga puta noa i te huihuinga kia tino tutuki ai te whakaritenga o te wāhanga whakamutunga. Me whakamātautau i mua i te tīmatanga o tētahi mahi miihini; ka taea e te whakatakotoranga mīhini hē te arahi ki te pakaru, te ngaronga rauemi nui, te hē rānei o te tūnga.
Ko te karāneti tonu he mea hanga i te feldspar, te quartz, me te mika, ā, ko te nui o te quartz e tae atu ana ki te haurua o te hanganga kohuke katoa. Ko tōna nui o te silica ka whai wāhi tika ki tōna pakeketanga me te iti o te tere pakaru. Nā te mea he pai ake te karāneti i ngā uku me ngā rauemi hangai maha i roto i te roanga o te wā, he whānuitia te whakamahinga ehara i te mea i roto i te ine me te papa, te whakakikorua whare, me ngā hanganga o waho. Ko tōna ātete ki te waikura, te kore o te tauhohenga aukume, me te iti o te horapa wera ka waiho hei whakakapinga pai mō ngā pereti rino tuku iho, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao e hiahiatia ana te pumau o te pāmahana me te mahi pumau.
I roto i te ine tika, he painga anō tō te karāhe: ina rakurakuhia, ina pāngia rānei te mata mahi, ka hangaia he poka iti hei utu mō te kōhao e ara ake ana. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te pokanoa ā-rohe ki te nekehanga reti o ngā taputapu ine, ā, ka mau tonu te āhua o te papa tohutoro. Kāore te rauemi e piko, e ātete ana ki te kakahu, ā, ka mau tonu te pumau o te āhua ahakoa ngā tau e whakamahia tonutia ana.
Nā ēnei āhuatanga kua waiho te karāhe tino tika hei rauemi tino nui i roto i ngā pūnaha tirotiro o ēnei rā. Ko te mārama ki ngā mātāpono āhuahanga kei muri i te huringa o ngā raraunga, me ngā mahi miihini tika me te tiaki i ngā taputapu e whakamahia ana hei tukatuka i te karāhe, he mea nui kia pono ai te mahi a ia mata tohutoro puta noa i tōna roanga mahi.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 21-2025