Te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā uku me ngā uku tino tika
Ko ngā konganuku, ngā rauemi rauropi, me ngā uku ka kiia ko ngā "rauemi matua e toru". E kiia ana i ahu mai te kupu Uku i te kupu Keramos, te kupu Kariki mō te uku kua tahuna. I te tīmatanga i huaina ko ngā uku, ināianei tonu ka tīmata te whakamahi i te kupu uku hei tohu mō ngā rauemi kore-whakarewa me ngā rauemi kore-rauropi tae atu ki ngā rauemi ātete-wera, te karāhe, me te sima. Mō ngā take i runga ake nei, ka taea te tautuhi i ngā uku hei "hua e whakamahi ana i ngā rauemi kore-whakarewa, kore-rauropi rānei, ā, ka tukuna ki te maimoatanga pāmahana teitei i roto i te tukanga hanga".
I roto i ngā uku, e hiahiatia ana te mahi teitei me te tino tika mō ngā uku e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā momo kaupapa ahumahi, tae atu ki te umanga hikohiko. Nō reira, e kiia ana rātou ināianei he "uku tino tika" kia taea ai te whakataurite ki ngā uku noa i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi taiao pēnei i te uku me te silica. wehewehe. Ko ngā uku pai he uku tino tika i hangaia mā te whakamahi i te "paura rauemi mata kua tīpakohia, kua hangaia rānei" mā te "tukanga hanga kua tino whakahaeretia" me te "hanganga matū kua tino whakatikatikaina".
He tino rerekē ngā rauemi mata me ngā tikanga hanga
Ko ngā rauemi mata e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā uku he kohuke tūturu, ā, ko ngā mea e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā uku tino tika he rauemi mata tino parakore.
Ko ngā āhuatanga o ngā hua uku he pakeke rawa, he ātete wera pai rawa, he ātete waikura, he ārai hiko, me ētahi atu. Ko ngā uku, ngā rauemi ātete wera, te karāhe, te sima, ngā uku tino tika, me ētahi atu, ko ēnei ngā hua e tohu ana i ēnei hua. I runga i ngā āhuatanga o runga ake nei, he pai ake ngā āhuatanga miihini, hiko, whatu, matū, me te matū koiora o ngā uku tino pai, me ngā mahi kaha ake. I tēnei wā, he whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā uku tino tika i roto i ngā momo mara pēnei i ngā semiconductors, ngā motuka, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ngā mīhini ahumahi, me te tiaki hauora. Ko te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā uku tuku iho pēnei i ngā uku me ngā uku tino pai e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā rauemi mata me ā rātou tikanga hanga. Ka hangaia ngā uku tuku iho mā te whakaranu i ngā kohuke taiao pēnei i te paru, te feldspar, me te uku, kātahi ka whakahāngaihia me te tahu. He rerekē, ka whakamahia e ngā uku tino pai ngā rauemi mata taiao tino parakore, ngā rauemi mata horihori i hangaia mā te maimoatanga matū, me ngā matū kāore i te noho i roto i te taiao. Mā te hanga i ngā rauemi mata kua whakahuatia ake nei, ka taea te whiwhi i tētahi matū he āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana. Hei tāpiritanga, ka hangaia ngā rauemi mata kua oti te whakarite hei hua he nui te uara tāpiri, he tino tika ngā āhuatanga me ngā mahi kaha mā roto i ngā tukanga tukatuka e whakahaeretia ana me te tino tika pērā i te hanga, te tahu, me te huri.
Te whakarōpūtanga o ngā uku:
1. Te Whare Uku me te Whare Tapere
1.1 Te uku oneone
He ipu kāore i pania ki te huka, he mea hanga mā te pokepoke i te uku, te whakahāngai, me te tahu i te pāmahana iti (tata ki te 800°C). Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā oko oneone momo Jomon, ngā oko oneone momo Yayoi, ngā mea i keria mai i te Waenganui me te Rawhiti Tata i te tau 6000 BC, me ētahi atu. Ko ngā hua e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā ko ngā kohua putiputi whero-parauri, ngā pereki whero, ngā oumu, ngā tātari wai, me ētahi atu.
1.2 Te mahi uku
Ka tahuna ki te pāmahana teitei ake (1000-1250°C) i te uku, ā, ka mimiti te wai, ā, he hua tahuna e whakamahia ana i muri i te whakakanapa. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko SUEKI, RAKUYAKI, Maiolica, Delftware, me ētahi atu. Ko ngā hua e whakamahia whānuitia ana i ēnei rā ko ngā huinga tī, ngā taputapu tēpu, ngā huinga putiputi, ngā taera me ētahi atu.
1.3 Pōrēhana
He hua tahu mā e whakamātotoru ana i muri i te tāpiri i te silica me te feldspar ki te uku parakore (te kohatu paru rānei), te whakaranu, te whakahāngai, me te tahu. Ka whakamahia ngā paninga tae kanapa. I whakawhanakehia i te wā o te feudal (rau 7 me te 8) o Haina pērā i te Sui Dynasty me te Tang Dynasty, ā, ka horapa ki te ao. Ko te nuinga o ngā taonga ko Jingdezhen, ko Arita, ko Seto, me ētahi atu. Ko ngā hua e whakamahia whānuitia ana i nāianei ko ngā taputapu tēpu, ngā mea whakamātao, ngā mahi toi me ngā mahi ā-ringa, ngā taera whakapaipai me ētahi atu.
2. Ngā mea whakakāhore
Ka hangaia, ka tahuna hoki mai i ngā rauemi kāore e pirau i ngā pāmahana tiketike. Ka whakamahia hei hanga oumu mō te whakarewa rino, te hanga maitai me te whakarewa karāhe.
3. Karāhe
He totoka kore-āhua tēnei i hangaia mā te whakamahana me te rewa i ngā rauemi mata pērā i te silica, te kōhatu papatahi me te pungarehu houra.
4. Sima
He paura i hangaia mā te whakaranu i te kōhatu ā-papa me te silica, te whakapūkara, me te tāpiri i te gypsum. I muri i te tāpiri wai, ka piri ngā kōhatu me te onepu hei hanga raima.
5. Uku Ahumahi Tika
Ko ngā uku pai he uku tino tika i hangaia mā te "whakamahi i te paura rauemi mata kua tīpakohia, kua hangaia rānei, he hanganga matū kua whakatikatikaina pai" me te "tukanga hanga tino whakahaeretia". Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā uku tuku iho, he kaha ake āna mahi, nō reira he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā momo tono pēnei i ngā haurua-ira, ngā motuka, me ngā mīhini ahumahi. Mō tētahi wā, i huaina ngā uku pai he uku hou me he uku matatau.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-18-2022