I roto i te ao hanga tino tika o ēnei rā, e inehia ana te tika i roto i ngā maikorona, tae atu ki ngā nanometa, mā te wiri iti rawa, mā te nekehanga wera rānei e whakatau te angitu, te kore rānei. I a ngā ahumahi e pana tonu ana i ngā rohe o te ine me te miihini, kāore anō kia nui ake te hiahia mō tētahi mata tohutoro tino pumau, pono, me te pakari. Koinei te wāhi e tū motuhake ai ngā papa granite tino tika - i whānau mai i ngā miriona tau o te hanganga whenua taiao, ā, i hangaia mā roto i ngā tukanga tino tika o ēnei rā, kua noho hei paearu kore e taea te tautohe mō te tika o te ine.
Ko ngā painga o te karāneti ka tīmata i roto i te kōhatu tonu. Ko ngā rauemi kounga teitei pēnei i te ZHHIMG® Black Granite, te Jinan Green Granite rānei, ka tīpakohia mō tōna hanganga matotoru, te momo kakano ōrite, me te tino ōrite. Ka pāngia ēnei kōhatu e te koroheketanga taiao hei tuku i ngā ahotea o roto i te wā whenua. Nō reira, he tino iti te horapa o te wera o te karāneti—ko te tikanga he 0.5 ki te 1.2 × 10⁻⁶/°C noa iho—he kotahi hautoru, he iti iho rānei i tērā o te rino maka. Ko te tikanga o tēnei tere horapa iti, kāore te karāneti e pāngia e ngā huringa pāmahana, e pupuri ana i te pumau o ngā āhuatanga mō te wā roa, ā, e whakarite ana i te tika o te ine ahakoa i roto i ngā āhuatanga awheawhe e rerekē ana.
Ko tētahi atu āhuatanga motuhake o ngā papaaho karāhe tino tika ko tō rātou ārai wiri. He pai ake te mimiti me te whakamarara o te hanganga moroiti tioata o te karāhe i ngā wiri i ngā rauemi whakarewa—tae atu ki te tekau ngā wā he pai ake i te rino maka. He mea nui tēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā taiao e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā taputapu taumira teitei pēnei i ngā interferometer, ngā mīhini ine taunga (CMM), me ngā pūnaha ine whatu. Mā te whakaiti i te wiri me te haruru, ka hangaia e te karāhe he taiao ine "marie" e noho parakore ana ngā raraunga, ā, ka taea te whakahoki.
He pakari, he ātete ki te kakahu, he ātete ki te waikura, he ātete hoki ki te pirau, he mea tino pai hoki te karāhe. Ka ātete ki ngā karawarawa me te waikura matū, ka mau tonu tōna papatahi mō ngā tekau tau i raro i te whakamahinga noa, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he tiaki - he rerekē ki ngā mata rino maka, me waru tonu, me te rongoā kia kore ai e waikura. Heoi anō, he kore-aukume te karāhe, he mea tino pai mō ngā taiwhanga me ngā taiao e pāngia ana e te pokanoa aukume, pērā i ngā whare MRI, i ngā taputapu whakamātautau tika rānei.
Nā ēnei āhuatanga ka noho ko ngā papa granite tino tika he mea nui puta noa i ngā ahumahi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tika me te pumau. Ka mahi rātou hei turanga mō ngā mīhini ine taunga, ngā ine whakawhiti laser, ngā kaiwhakatairite whatu, me ngā whakamātautau porowhita e whakamahia ana e ngā whare wānanga ine me ngā taiwhanga rangahau matatau. I roto i te umanga semiconductor, ka tautokohia e rātou ngā pūnaha tirotiro wafer me ngā mīhini lithography kei reira te pumau e pā tika ana ki te hua maramara. I roto i te miihini tino tika me ngā whatu, ka whakaratohia e ngā turanga granite te tautoko pumau mō ngā mīhini huri me te mira tino tika, e whakarite ana i ngā whakaotinga mata pai me te pono o ngā āhuatanga. Ahakoa i roto i te rangahau pūtaiao, mai i te kitenga ngaru ā-papa ki ngā taputapu hauora, ka mahi te granite hei turanga pono e pupuri ana i ngā whakamātautau kia pumau, kia tika hoki.
Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi tūāpapa karāhe tika e whai mana ana, ehara i te whiriwhiri noa i te rahi tika, i te utu tika rānei. Ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kounga rauemi, te hoahoa hanganga, me te mahi toi hangahanga e whakatau ana i te mahi roa. Me tutuki i ngā tūāpapa ngā tohu tika kua whakamanahia (00, 0, 1 rānei) e ai ki ngā paerewa ISO, ki ngā paerewa inenga ā-motu rānei, ā, me taea e ngā kaihanga te whakarato tiwhikete tirotiro tuatoru. Ko ngā tikanga matatau pēnei i te whakapiri tika, te koroheketanga taiao, me te hoahoa tautoko hanganga rara ātaahua ka āwhina i te whakarite kia iti te whakarerekētanga o te tūāpapa i raro i te kawenga.
Ki te whakaritea ki ngā turanga rino maka tuku iho, he tino pai te karāneti. He nui ake tōna pumau, he pai ake te whakamākū, he pai ake te ātete ki te kakahu, he iti ake hoki ngā utu tiaki, ā, he ātete hoki ki te waikura me te kore e pā ki te aukume. Ahakoa he nui ake te utu tīmatanga o te karāneti, nā te roa o tōna oranga me te tika tonu, he haumitanga ōhanga me te pono ake mō te wā roa.
Ko te tikanga, ehara i te mea he kōhatu noa iho te papa kōhatu tika - engari ko te tūāpapa puku o te ine me te hanga hou. E whakaata ana i te whakapau kaha o te kamupene ki te tika, te ōritetanga, me te hiranga o te kounga. I te neke haere o ngā ahumahi ki ngā paerewa teitei ake o te tika, ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi papa kōhatu he haumitanga ehara i te mea ki ngā taputapu anake engari ki te heke mai o te pono o te ine.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi-07-2025