Mō ngā taputapu tino tika, ko ngā ārai mō te tika ehara i te mea nā ngā rauropi tukatuka, nā ngā wāhanga whatu rānei, engari nā ngā wiri iti tonu. Ko ngā wiri ngawari i puta mai i te tere tere o ngā motuka raina, te tīmatanga-mutunga o ngā tikanga tuku me te mahi a ngā taputapu awheawhe huri noa ka tukuna i te anga mīhini ki te mata tirotiro, ka whakanui i ngā hapa ine me te whakaiti i te auau o ngā hua whakaahua, tūnga me te tirotiro. Hei tiaki i ngā paearu taumata-nanomita, i tua atu i ngā ripanga wehe wiri o waho, ko te rauemi o te anga turanga o te taputapu te raina tuatahi o te parenga whakaiti wiri. Ko tētahi uara matua o ngā wāhanga karāhe tino tika ko te whakaiti tika i te pokanoa wiri mā te hanganga ā-roto o te rauemi.
Ko te tuku wiri ko te whakakaha hiko me te whakanui i te kaha. He teitei te modulus elastic o ngā papa whakarewa; ka tere te horapa o ngā ngaru wiri i roto i a rātou. Kia ōrite te auau whakaoho ki te auau tūturu o te anga, ka puta ngāwari te haurore, ā, ka whakanuia tonutia ngā wiri iti. Ahakoa kua tāutahia ngā papa whakamātao wiri o waho, ka taea e rātou te wehe i tētahi wāhanga o ngā wiri auau iti mai i te whenua. Ko ngā wiri o roto i hangaia e te nekehanga o te taputapu ake ka whakaata tonu i roto i te hanganga whakarewa, ā, ka whakararu tonu i te pumau o te mata tohutoro.
He mea whatu pūmau ngā tioata o te karāhe pango ahumahi, ā, he hanganga whakamākūkū teitei anō hoki. Ina uru te kaha wiri ki roto i te kōhatu, ka pau tonu te kaha nekeneke wiri i ngā atanga tioata matotoru, ka huri i te kaha wiri hei wera iti hei whakamarara, ka tere te whakaiti i te kaha, ā, ka ārai i te taupatupatu tonu o te wiri me te haruru. He āhuatanga tūturu tēnei āhuatanga whakamākūkū taketake o te rauemi, ā, e kore e pirau i te roanga o te wā e whakamahia ana ngā taputapu, he rerekē ki ngā rauemi whakaiti wiri o waho pērā i te rapa me te pahuka ka tawhito, ka pakaru hoki i te wā.
He rerekē rawa te mahi whakaiti wiri i waenga i ngā momo kōhatu rerekē. He tioata wetekina te māpere, he nui ngā pore o roto, ā, he koretake te kakano, he iti noa te kaha whakaiti wiri, ā, kāore e taea te pehi i ngā wiri-iti auau teitei. Kei te whakamahi a ZHHIMG i te karāhe pango matotoru-teitei tae atu ki te 3100kg/m³. He rite tonu te whakatakotoranga o ngā tioata o roto. Ka roa te maimoatanga tawhito o ngā poraka mata, kāore he kapiti huna. Ka taea te whakamahi tika i ngā wāhanga karāhe monolithic whakauru hei turanga tohutoro taputapu, hei kurupae gantry me ngā papa mō ngā papa hau. Ka mimitihia e rātou te kaha wiri i te pūtake o te whakaputa wiri, kaua ki te wehe noa i ngā wiri i muri i te horapa. 
Ko tēnei painga whakaiti wiri taketake e whakarato ana i te uara tino pai i roto i ngā horopaki tika auau teitei. Ko te tukatuka taiaho femtosecond me te picosecond, te tirotiro whatu AOI, te kimi hapa hihi-X, te tirotiro papa haurua-haurua me te ine taunga he tino tairongo ki ngā wiri-iti. Ahakoa te wiri o ngā tekau nanometa noa iho ka arahi ki te whakaahua pōuri, te tauwehenga tūnga me ngā raraunga tirotiro hurihuri. Mā te whakamahi i ngā wāhanga tohutoro karāhe, ka whakaitihia te nuinga o ngā wiri i puta mai i te nekehanga o te taputapu i mua i te taenga ki te mata mahi ine. Kāore he take ki te whakarārangi i ngā huihuinga whakaiti wiri uaua maha, ka whakangawari i te hanganga mīhini whānui me te whakapai ake i te pumau mahi roa o ngā taputapu.
I te tirohanga whānui, ehara i te mea tino kaha te kaha o te karāhe ki te pehi i te wiri. He tino pai ki te mimiti i ngā wiri iti-auau waenga me te auau teitei e puta ana i roto i ngā taputapu. Mō ngā wiri pānga kino mai i ngā pūtake o waho, me tiaki tonu me ngā hanganga o waho pēnei i ngā awaawa ārai-wiri ngaio me ngā turanga mimiti-wiri. I te wā e hanga ana i ngā awheawhe pāmahana pumau, ka whakamahia e ZHHIMG te hoahoa awaawa ārai-wiri motuhake, e hanga ana i tētahi pūnaha whakaiti wiri ā-roto me ā-waho e rua me te whakaiti i ngā wāhanga karāhe hei tiaki i te tika o te paearu.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ehara ngā wāhanga karāhe tino tika i te turanga kawenga anake engari he kaikawe paearu me te kaha pehi wiri kua hangaia. Mā te whakawhirinaki ki te āhuatanga whakamākū teitei o te rauemi, ka whakaitihia te pokanoa wiri e puta mai ana i te wā e whakahaerehia ana te taputapu mai i te pūtake, ka whakaitihia te raruraru ki ngā paearu ine me te tūnga, ā, ka āwhina i ngā taputapu tino tika ki te pupuri tonu i te tika o te mahi micron me te nanometer. Koinei te take matua e whiriwhiria tonutia ai rātou mō ngā taputapu ine kounga teitei, semiconductor me te laser.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-14-2026