He aha ngā momo CMM rerekē? He ruku hohonu ki ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te tika o te CMM

Ka mahi te mīhini ine taunga i runga i tētahi mātāpono taketake e huna ana i tōna matatau. Mā te neke i tētahi pūnaha tirotiro i runga i ngā tuaka orthogonal e toru, e tohuhia ana ko X, Y, me Z i roto i tētahi pūnaha taunga Cartesian, ka kitea e te mīhini ngā pūwāhi motuhake i runga i te mata o tētahi mea. Kei roto i ia tuaka ngā pūoko e aroturuki ana i te tūranga o te tirotiro me te tino tika, he maha ngā wā ka inehia i roto i ngā maikoromita, i ngā hautanga rānei o ngā maikoromita. Ko ngā pūwāhi kua kohia ka hanga i te mea e kiia nei e ngā tohunga metrōmita he kapua pūwāhi, he whakaaturanga matihiko o te mata kua inehia ka taea te whakarite ki ngā whakatakotoranga hoahoa, ngā tauira CAD, ngā whakaritenga ine me te manawanui ā-ira.

Nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau CMM kua puta mai ētahi hoahoa mīhini motuhake, ia mea i arotauhia mō ngā tono motuhake, ngā rahi wāhanga, me ngā taiao whakahaere. Ko ngā CMM momo piriti te whirihoranga tino whānuitia i roto i ngā taiao hanga tino tika. Kei roto i ēnei mīhini he hanganga rite ki te piriti e horapa ana i te ripanga ine, me te pūnaha tirotiro e iri ana mai i tētahi kurupae whakapae e tautokona ana e ngā pou poutū e rua. Ka whakaratohia e te hoahoa piriti he pakari me te pumau tino pai, e āhei ai te tika o te ine ka taea te tae ki ngā taumata iti-micrometer i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere. He tino pai ngā CMM piriti ki te ine i ngā wāhanga iti ki te rahi waenga me ngā manawanui kikī, e kore ai e taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā ahumahi e tino hiahiatia ana te tika.

He rite te āhua o ngā CMM momo gantry ki te piriti engari he nui te rahi mō te ine i ngā wāhanga nui. Engari i te takoto ki runga i te tēpu, ka whakairihia tika ngā mīhini gantry ki te papa i runga i ngā turanga motuhake, ka kore e hiahiatia te hiki i ngā wāhanga taumaha ki runga i ngā papa teitei. He pai rawa tēnei hoahoa mō ngā wāhanga rererangi, ngā huihuinga motuka nui, me ngā wāhanga ahumahi taumaha ka hinga i ngā mīhini piriti tuku iho. Ahakoa ka whakararuhia e ngā CMM gantry ētahi o ngā tika tino-tiketike e taea ana te whakatutuki me ngā hoahoa piriti, ka utua e rātou me ngā rahinga ine nui ka taea te hora i ngā mita maha i roto i ia tuaka.

He rerekē te huarahi hanganga o ngā momo CMM cantilever, me te pane ine e piri ana ki te taha kotahi o te turanga pakari. Mā tēnei whirihoranga ka taea te uru atu ki te wāhi ine mai i ngā taha e toru, kia māmā ake ai te uta me te tango i ngā wāhanga. Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia e ngā mīhini cantilever ngā tono e uru ana ki ngā wāhanga iti ake, ko te urunga a te kaiwhakahaere me te whai huatanga o te reremahi te mea nui ake i te tika rawa atu.

Ka aro atu ngā CMM ringa whakapae ki ngā wero ine e uaua ana ki ētahi atu hoahoa ki te whakaoti. Mā te whakatakoto whakapae i te tirotiro i te waka rererangi, kaua ki te poutū, ka taea e ēnei mīhini te tirotiro i ngā wāhanga roa, angiangi pērā i ngā panera whakarewa pepa, ngā hanganga tinana motuka, me ngā wāhanga o te tinana waka rererangi. Ka whakawhitihia e ngā hoahoa ringa whakapae ētahi tika mō te toronga whānui me te urunga atu, ka waiho hei whiringa pai mō te ine i ngā āhuahanga e uaua ana ki te uru atu me ngā whirihoranga tirotiro poutū.

Ko ngā CMM ringa ine kawe e tohu ana i tētahi panonitanga tauira i roto i te inenga ā-ahu, e kawe tika ana i te āheinga ine ki te papa whakaputa, kaua ki te hiahia kia haria ngā wāhanga ki tētahi taiwhanga e whakahaeretia ana te pāmahana. Mā ēnei pūnaha ringa hono, e ono, e whitu rānei ngā toki nekehanga e whakaatu ana, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te ine i ngā wāhanga kei reira tonu, tae atu ki ngā wāhanga e noho huihui ana i roto i ngā taputapu, e whakaurua ana rānei ki roto i ngā pūnaha nui ake. Ahakoa kāore e taea e ngā ringa kawe te ōrite ki te tika o ngā CMM taiwhanga pumau, nā tō rātou ngāwari me te wātea ka tino whai hua mō ngā tono ina kore e taea te wetewete, te neke rānei.

Ka panaia e ngā CMM whatu ngā rohe o te tere ine me te kaha kore-pa. Ka whakamahia e ēnei pūnaha te tapatoru whatu me te tukatuka whakaahua matatau hei hopu i ngā inenga toru-ahu me te kore e pā tinana ki te mea mahi. He mea nui te huarahi kore-pa mō te ine i ngā mata ngawari, ngā rauemi ngohengohe, ngā wāhanga kua tino orohia rānei, ka taea e te tirotiro pa te kino, te poke rānei. Ka tutuki i ngā CMM whatu hou te tika o te taumata ine me te whakaiti nui i ngā wā huringa ine ki te whakataurite ki ngā pūnaha e hangai ana ki te pa.

I roto i tēnei whenua kanorau o ngā momo CMM, ka noho ko te pātai mō te tika te mea nui rawa atu. Ehara te tika o te CMM i te whakatakotoranga kotahi engari he hua uaua e pāngia ana e ngā āhuatanga taunekeneke maha. Ko ngā āhuatanga taiao pea te taurangi nui rawa atu e pā ana ki te tika o te ine. Ka puta te whānui, te whakawhāiti rānei o te hanganga mīhini me te wāhanga mahi nā ngā pikinga pāmahana, ka puta mai ngā hapa ka whakaiti i te kaha o te mīhini. Ka whānui te wāhanga maitai e kotahi mita te roa ki te tekau mā tahi maikiromita mō ia nekehanga Celsius te pikinga o te pāmahana, ko te konumohe ia ka whānui te rua o taua tere. Mō ngā inenga e hiahia ana ki te tika o te taumata maikiromita, ka tino hira te whakahaere pāmahana.

Ko te huarahi tuku iho ki te whakahaere i ngā pānga wera ko te whakanoho i ngā CMM ki roto i ngā taiwhanga ine pāmahana e whakahaerehia ana e te pāmahana e pupurihia ana i te rua tekau nga nekehanga Celsius me ngā manawanui pakari ki te pumau o te pāmahana. Heoi, ko te ia e tipu haere ana ki te neke i te tirotiro inenga ki te papa whakaputa kua hanga he wero hou. Kei roto i ngā CMM matatau ngā pūnaha utu pāmahana hohe e aroturuki ana i te pāmahana o ngā pauna mīhini me ngā wāhanga hanganga nui, e whakamahi ana i ngā whakatikatika wā-tūturu ki ngā hua ine. Ahakoa kāore e taea e ēnei pūnaha te whakakore katoa i ngā pānga wera, ka whakaitihia e rātou te koretake o te ine i roto i ngā taiao kāore e taea te whakahaere i te pāmahana pakari.

Ko te wiri tētahi atu āhuatanga taiao ka taea te whakaiti i te tika o te CMM. Ka mahi ngā pūnaha tirotiro o ngā mīhini ine taunga i te tauine maikiromita, ka taea hoki e ngā wiri ngawari mai i ngā taputapu tata, te haere o te waewae, ngā pūnaha whare rānei te whakaputa hapa ine. Ko ngā CMM momo piriti me te gantry e whakamahia ana mō te taiwhanga me wehe i ngā pūtake wiri mā roto i ngā turanga motuhake, ngā whakairinga wehe wiri, te whakanoho rautaki rānei i roto i te whare. He nui ake ngā wero wiri e pā ana ki ngā CMM kawe nā te mea ka mahi tika i runga i ngā papa whakaputa, ahakoa he iti ake ngā whakaritenga tika e pai ake ai tēnei.

Ko te pūnaha tirotiro tonu he mea nui ki te tika o te CMM. Ko ngā tirotiro pā-whakaoho, te momo tino noa, ka pā ā-tinana ki te mata o te mea mahi, ā, ka whakaputa i tētahi tohu hiko i te wā e pā ana ki te tirotiro e tuhi ana i te tūranga o te tirotiro. Ko te tika o te tirotiro pā-whakaoho e whakawhirinaki ana ki te porowhita o te pito tirotiro, te pakari me te tika o te pene tirotiro, me te ōritetanga o te kaha tirotiro. I roto i te wā, ka taea e ngā whakapā maha te pakaru i te pito tirotiro, ka āta whakarerekē i tōna diameter whai hua, ka whakauru i ngā hapa pūnaha ki ngā inenga. Ko te whakatikatika auau me te whakakapinga ā-wā o ngā pito tirotiro he mahi nui tonu hei pupuri i te tika o te ine.

He rerekē te huarahi e tukuna ana e ngā tirotiro matawai, e neke haere tonu ana puta noa i te mata o te mea mahi, me te pupuri tonu i te pa ki roto i tētahi whānuitanga kua tautuhia. Ka kohia e ēnei pūnaha ngā mano tini o ngā pūwāhi ia hekona, e āhei ai te whakaahua taipitopito o te āhua o te mata, te kōtaha, me te kakano e kore e whai hua ki te tirotiro pā-pā. Heoi, ko te tika o te matawai ehara i te mea ko te āhua o te tirotiro anake engari ko te kaha o te pūnaha whakahaere ki te pupuri i te kaha pa rite tonu me te whai i ngā āhua o te mata.

Ka whakakorea e ngā pūoko kore-pā, tae atu ki ngā pūoko taiaho me ngā pūnaha whatu, ngā pānga ā-pūkaha o te pūoko whakapā engari ka puta mai ō rātou ake pūtake o te koretake. Ka pā te whakaata o te mata, te tae, me te kakano ki te tika o te ine whatu, me te hiahia kia ata whakatikatikahia, me ētahi wā he maha ngā inenga i raro i ngā āhuatanga rama rerekē. Ka eke ngā pūnaha tapatoru taiaho ki te tika teitei mō ētahi tono engari ka raru pea ki ngā koki mata pari, ki ngā whakaotinga whakaata nui rānei.

Ko te hanganga ā-pūkaha o te CMM tonu e whakauru ana i ngā hapa āhuahanga e pā ana ki te tika o te ine. Ahakoa ngā toki mīhini tino tika te hanga, he iti noa ngā peka ke mai i te tika tino tika, te poutū i waenga i ngā toki, me te tika o te tūnga. Ko ēnei hapa āhuahanga ka tautuhia mā roto i ngā tikanga whakatikatika pakari, ā, ka whakatikatikaina i roto i te pūmanawa, ka whakaiti i tō rātou pānga ki ngā hua ine. Heoi, ko te whai huatanga o te whakatikatika hapa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pumau o te hanganga mīhini i roto i te wā me ngā āhuatanga taiao.

Kei roto i ngā mīhini ine CMM hou te whakatikatika hapa rōrahi, he huarahi matatau e whakatauira ana i ngā hapa āhuahanga puta noa i te rōrahi ine katoa, kaua ki te whakatikatika takitahi i ia tuaka. E mōhio ana tēnei huarahi he rerekē ngā hapa i runga i te wāhi e tū ai te ine i roto i te kōpaki mahi a te mīhini, ā, ka eke ki te tika teitei ake i ngā tikanga whakatikatika māmā ake. Ko te tukanga whakatikatika mō te whakatikatika rōrahi e whakamahi ana i ngā inenga taiaho, i ētahi atu taputapu tika rānei hei mahere i ngā hapa i ngā wāhi maha puta noa i te wāhi ine, ka hangaia he tauira hapa whānui e whakamahia ana e te kaiwhakahaere mīhini.

Ko te mīhini ine taunga OGP e whakaatu ana i te huarahi e aro atu ai te hangarau hou ki ēnei wero tika mā te hoahoa auaha. Ko OGP, arā, ko Optical Gaging Products, kua tīmata i ngā pūnaha ine maha-pūoko e whakakotahi ana i te tirotiro pā me ngā pūoko whatu me te taiaho i roto i ngā papaaho kotahi. Ko te raupapa OGP FlexPoint e tohu ana i te āhua o nāianei o tēnei hangarau, e tuku ana i ngā CMM maha-pūoko whakatakotoranga nui e kaha ana ki te tautoko i ngā tirotiro matawai, ngā whatu telecentric, me ngā pūoko taiaho interferometric i te wā kotahi i runga i ngā pane hono.

Ka aro atu te huarahi maha-pūoko ki tētahi wero nui o te ine tika: me rerekē ngā tikanga ine mō ngā āhuatanga me ngā mata rerekē kia tino tika ai. Tērā pea kāore e kitea e ngā pūnaha whatu ngā āhuatanga e ngāwari ana te uru atu mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu whakapā, engari ko ngā mata ngawari kāore e taea te pā atu me whai tikanga kore-pā. Me huri ngā taputapu me te whakatikatika anō i ngā CMM tuku iho ina huri i waenga i ngā aratau ine, ka pau te wā, ka puta pea ngā hapa. Mā te huarahi OGP me te wātea o te pūoko i te wā kotahi ka whakakorea ēnei whakawhiti, ka taea ai te tīpako me te whakanoho i te pūoko tino pai mō ia inenga me te kore e whakaroa me te koretake o te whakawhiti pūoko.

Kei te piki haere te hiranga o te pūmanawa e whakahaere ana i ngā mīhini ine taunga ki te tika o te ine. Kei roto i te pūmanawa CMM hou ngā rauropi matatau mō te utu i te pūtoro tirotiro, te taunga āhuahanga, te whakaritenga pūnaha taunga, me te aromatawai manawanui. Ka taea e ngā tikanga pāngarau e whakamahia ana hei taunga i ngā huānga āhuahanga ki ngā pūwāhi ine te pā nui ki ngā hua kua pūrongohia, inā koa mō ngā āhuatanga he hapa āhuahanga, he iti rānei ngā pūwāhi ine. Ka taea e te hōtaka CAD te whakawhanake me te whakamana i ngā mahi ine tuimotu, ka whakaiti i te wā kore mahi o te mīhini, ā, ka whakarite kia rite te whakahaere ine.

Ko te rautaki ine tonu he mea nui ki te tika. Ko te maha me te tohatoha o ngā pūwāhi ine, te raupapa o ngā inenga, ngā tohutohu huarahi e whakamahia ana mō te tirotiro, me ngā tikanga whakapiri katoa e pā ana ki ngā hua. E mārama ana ngā tohunga ine metara mātau kāore te tango noa i ētahi atu pūwāhi e whakapai ake aunoa i te tika; ko te whakatakotoranga me te tohatoha o ngā pūwāhi e pā ana ki te āhuatanga e inehia ana he mea nui ake i te tapeke o ngā pūwāhi. Mō ngā manawanui āhuahanga pēnei i te papatahi, te porotaka rānei, me tino tika te tauira o te mata katoa, te āhuatanga rānei, kia mau ai ngā hapa āhuahanga e puta ana.

Ahakoa ngā pūnaha CMM tino aunoa, he mea nui tonu te pūkenga o te kaiwhakahaere. Ahakoa ka taea e ngā CMM e whakahaerehia ana e te CNC te whakahaere i ngā mahi ine me te iti o te wawaotanga a te kaiwhakahaere, ko te hōtaka tuatahi me te whakarite i ngā tukanga ine me mārama ki te manawanui ā-ira, te koretake o te ine, me ngā āheinga mīhini. Ka noho tonu ngā hapa i roto i te arorau hōtaka, ngā tukanga whakaritenga, ngā whakamāramatanga āhuatanga rānei, kāore e kitea i roto i te whakahaerenga aunoa, ka puta he hua e ahua tika ana engari he hē, he hē rānei.

Ko te ia haere tonu ki te Ahumahi 4.0 me te hanga atamai kei te huri i te huarahi e whakauru ai ngā CMM ki ngā tukanga whakaputa. Ka whāngaihia ngā pūnaha whakahaere tukanga tatauranga e ngā raraunga ine wā-tūturu, ka taea ai te kimi tere me te whakatika i ngā rerekētanga hanga. Ka tohaina e ngā CMM hono ngā hua ine puta noa i ngā whatunga hinonga, e tautoko ana i ngā pūnaha whakahaere kounga me ngā whakaritenga whai i te mekameka tuku. Ka tāpirihia e ēnei āheinga whakauru he uara ki tua atu i te mahi ine taketake, ka hurihia ngā mīhini ine taunga mai i ngā taputapu tirotiro motuhake ki ngā pona hono i roto i ngā pūnaha matauranga hanga.

I te mea ka kaha haere tonu te whakawhāiti i ngā manawanui hanga, ā, ka uaua haere ngā āhuahanga wāhanga, ka piki haere te hiranga o te mārama ki ngā momo CMM me ngā āhuatanga tika. Ko te whiriwhiri i te hoahoa CMM e tika ana mō ngā tono motuhake, te pupuri i te mana whakahaere taiao, te utu rānei, te whakatinana i ngā tikanga whakatikatika me te manatoko pakari, me te whakawhanake i ngā rautaki ine e aro ana ki ngā pūtake koretake, ka whai wāhi katoa ki te whakatutuki i te tika e hiahiatia ana e te hanga hou. Ahakoa mā roto i ngā hoahoa piriti tuku iho, ngā ringa kawe, ngā pūnaha whatu, ngā papaaho maha-pūoko auaha pēnei i te mīhini ine taunga OGP, ko te kaha ki te ine me te maia he mea nui tonu ki te kounga hanga.